Ukuthi isisoftener sesili neesistim ye-filter sithintela izinkinga zezili noma izinto ezingavumelekile ngokufanana

Inkinga Yombili: Kungani Ukukhanya Noma Izinto Ezingavumelekile Kufanele Kwenziwe Ngokujabulisayo Ngokusebenzisa Isisoftener Sesili Kanye Neesistim Ye-filter

Ukubili Kwamazinyo Okukhanya Kanye Nezinto Ezingavumelekile Emasimini Noma Emazinyeni

Kunye nezinkulungwane eziningi zaseNingizimu Afrika ziyathola amanzi angaphansi—okuyisisekelo sesilika ne-magnesium—okuyakha isikhalo emaphipheni, emashishini amanzi, kanye nezinkampani (U.S. Geological Survey, 2021). Ngokufanayo, i-Environmental Protection Agency iyabagcina izinto ezingaphezu kwezinsizakalo ezingama-90 ezifundekayo kumazwi amanzi wasekhaya, kubantu ukuchlora, izinto eziphambili, izimithi zokuvula, kanye nezinkampani zokuphatha umoya. Amazwi amanzi ayakha izinkinga ezingaphansi—njengokuthi kune-iron, manganese, kanye ne-hydrogen sulfide—ngaphandle kokubagcina kwemikhosi yezinkampani. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi izinkulungwane ziyakhula ababini ukukhala kwezinkampani kanti izinto ezingasemthethweni noma ezingabonakalayo okanye ezingavumelekile kuziphatha ngokujabulisayo. Ukubagcina kuphela ukuthi kunezinkampani kuyabahlela izinto ezingavumelekile zokuchitha, izibhanku, kanye nezinkampani ezingaqondakali; ukuchitha kuphela kuyabahlela ukuthi kunezinkinga ezingasemthethweni, ezingabonakalayo, kanye nezinkampani ezingaqondakali. Ukubagcina ngokwahlulekile kuyafaila ngoba lezi zinkinga aziphinde zihlukaniswa—zihlanganisa, ziyakhula ukugcina kwezinkampani, kanye nokuhlela ububi bomlando wamazi ngaso sonke isikhathi sokusebenza.

Ukuthi Ukusebenza Kwesilinganiso Kusindisa Izingxenye Ezikhulu—Akukho Kusindisa Amaphuzu Kuphela

Isilinganiso esihle sokugcina amanzi nokufilta sibuyisela izinkinga zombili ngokwakhe ngendlela engekho kubona, ngokulandela indlela eyodwa. Kwanqamuka kwanqamuka amakhemikhali okugcina amanzi ngokuguqula amakhemikhali, emva koko kususa amakhemikhali nezinto ezingaphansi ngokusebenzisa ikhaboni ekhululekile ne-ukufilta kwamazinyo. Ngaphandle kokuziphatha kwezinto ezifana nezinkumbulo zamanzi, izinkumbulo zokugcina amanzi, noma izilinganiso ezisebenza ngokwesinye, lokhu kusindisa isilinganiso sokugcina amanzi ukuba kube yilawa, futhi amanzi afiltiwe kube akhululekile ukugcina amanzi. Isiphumo siyisilinganiso sokuhlela umkhaya wonke: amapipi aphakathi ayizwe, amanzi angafanele ngokusho, ukuncipha ukuphuma kwamaphuzu emashini, nokusebenza kahle ngaphandle kokuchitha. Ngokusindisa ukugcina amanzi kanti ukususa izinto ezingaphansi ngokulandela indlela eyodwa yokusebenza, kusinika iziphumo azikwazi ukuthola izilinganiso ezizodwa.

Ukuthi Isilinganiso Sokugcina Amanzi Nokufilta Sisebenza Kanjani: Ukusebenza Kwesilinganiso Nokuhlanganiswa Ngokomlando

Ukusebenza Kwesilinganiso Esithathu: Ukuguqula Amakhemikhali Ukugcina Amanzi, Ukufilta Ngokusebenzisa Ikhaboni Ekhusulekile, Nokufilta Kwamazinyo Ngaphambi Kokufilta

Isilimi esihlangan sisifunda isigaba esithathu esikhethiwe ngokuphelele esibonakalisa izinkinga zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi okuphakathi nokudlula:

1. Ukuphatha kwezinkumbulo ngokwesibini yisiphelo esikhulu sokubanga—sikhipha amasand, amasilt, amarust, nezinye izinkumbulo ezingaphezu kwe-5 microns. Ukususa izinkumbulo ezidlulayo zikhubaza izinto ezizungezwe ngaphansi ukuthi zihlanye noma zihlukwe, kubuhleka ubunzima bezinkumbulo zokugcina futhi kubuyisela isikhathi sokusebenza kwesilimi.

2. Ukuphatha kwezinkumbulo ngokwesibini ngokwesibini kufika emva kwalokho. Njengoba amanzi ayadlula ngaphansi kwesibini sezinkumbulo zokuphatha ezinamagama e-sodium noma e-potassium, izinkumbulo zokuzimisa nezinkumbulo zokuzimisa zihlanganisa nesibini ngokubuyisela izinkumbulo zokuzimisa noma zokuzimisa ngokubuyisela izinkumbulo zokuzimisa noma zokuzimisa. Lokhu kubuyisela ngokwesibini kubuyisela ukuthi kungabikho ukuthi kubuyeke kumashini noma kumashini okuzimisa.

3. Ukuphatha kwezinkumbulo ngokwesibini ngokwesibini , isigaba sesiqhelo, sibonakalisa i-chlorine, i-chloramines, izinkumbulo zokuzimisa (VOCs), nezinkumbulo zokuzimisa nokuzimisa. Ukuphatha kwezinkumbulo ngokwesibini emva ukuthintela kungahlinzeka kahle ngokuphakanyiswa kwemithi yomthi noma ukugcina kwezinkumbulo—kubhekisa ukuthi isikhundla sokubuka sisebenza kahle futhi isikhundla sokusebenza sibalulekile kakhulu.

Amaphuzu Oqobo Okusha: Ukujabulisa Kwemibala Yezinkumbulo Zokufaka Nokugcina Kwezinkumbulo

Amasistimu amasha asezingeni eliphezulu ayagcina ukuziphatha ngokuphindeleka kokuphindeleka. Ukujabulisa kwemibala yezinkumbulo zokufaka nokugcina kwezinkumbulo kuyasebenzisa izinhlobo zezinhlobo zokujabulisa zokufaka ngezinye izinhlobo zokujabulisa zokufaka kanti ukugcina kwezinkumbulo ngokwesikhathi esihlukene. Ukuchaza kwezinkumbulo zokufaka kuyasebenzisa izinhlobo zokuchaza zokufaka ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe ukuphindeleka kokuphindeleka kuphela lapho kufanele—kucisha isalti nezinkumbulo zokufaka ngokuphakeme kwe-50% ngaphandle kwezinhlobo zokuphindeleka kokuphindeleka. Isikhalazo esisodwa sibonisa isikhundla sokubuka kwezinkumbulo zokufaka kanye nokubiza abasebenzisi ngendlela yokubiza ngokusha—kubonisa uma kufanele kwenziwe ukufaka isalti noma ukufaka izinkumbulo zokugcina. Lokhu kusiza ekwenzeni ukuziphatha ngokuphambili, ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo zokuziphatha ezinamandla okuhlinzeka ngokuphambili ngaphandle kokuziphatha ngokuphambili.

Amaphuzu Amanye Ama-Softener Amashwa Nezinkumbulo Zokufaka: Ukuvikela Amashini, Ukuchaza, Nokuphila

Ukuthatha ama-energi nezinkumbulo: Ukuthatha ama-energi angu-42% kancane kwezinkumbulo zokuzimisa kanye nezinkumbulo zokuzimisa zingaphezu kwe-68%

Ukuthwasa kubeka amashele okuqinisa, kubhekisa izikhumba zokuchaza amanzi ukuthi zizebenze ngempilo yamandla ekufinyeza izintemperatura zokuzimela. Ngokususa amafutha okuhlanzwa phambi kokukhula, izisitemu ezihlanganisiwe zilungiselela ubukhulu bakwezinkulungwane. Umgcino wase-2023 wabhekiswe nguNational Water Treatment Council wabonisa ukuphupha kwezinkulungwane zokuchaza amanzi ngama-42% emva kokufakwa—kunika ukuthintana okubalulekile kwezinkulungwane ngeminyaka yonke. Kanti ngokufanayo, izishishini zokuchitha amanzi zifuna ukuthi izibhala zokushisa zibe libe, izinkulungwane zokuchaza amanzi zibe libe, nokuphupha kwamafutha okuhlanzwa kwezincwadi zezindawo zokugcina. Lokho ngokufanayo umgcino wabonisa ukuphupha kwezinkulungwane zokuphatha izishishini ngama-68% ngeminyaka miyane phakathi kwezindawo ezenziwe ngokuhlanganisa ukuthwasa nokuhlanzwa. Ukuthwasa kwezincwadi kubhekisa izimpumpu nezincwadi ukuthi zibe libe kwezincwadi zokuthwasa—kuphupha ukuphatha kwezinkulungwane futhi kusiza ekubeni kubhekise isikhundla sokubhalisa isikhundla sokubhalisa.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kweminyaka Yonke: Ukuthanda Okuhle, Ukuphupha Kwesikhundla Sokuthwasa, Nakukuthuthukiswa Kweminyaka Yonke

Ukuqiniseka kusaphuma kude kakhulu kwezinkinga zokusebenza kwamachini. Amanzi amhlophe, amhlophe kakhulu, ayabuyisa izindlela zokusebenzela ngaso sonke isikhathi: ukudla kwekofi nezimbotyo kusho kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthi amathambo aqiniseka; ukuzihlambulula kubeka ubuso lwenhliziyo libe luhlakanipha—akasibonisi—kukhula ukuphupha nokuhlela; futhi ukuzihlambulula kwenhliziyo kufinyelela kahle, kubona izithelo zokuzihlambulula ezinkulu, amabala amhlophe, namathuba amhlophe kusuka emzimbeni. Abaningi bafunda ukuthi kubuyekezwa ubuso lwabanye noma ubuso lwabanye kusukela emva kwezimbili. Lezi ziqiniseko zokubuyisa zokubuyisa zokusebenzela ngaso sonke isikhathi—kubonakala kwezinhlelo zokuzihlambulula, ukudla, ukuzihlambulula, nokuziphatha—kubeka leli sistimu liyisistimu esibalulekileyo yokubuyisa ukusebenzela ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukukhetha Isistimu Yokuzihlambulula Nokuzihlambulula Amazinyo: Izindlela Zokugcina Ngokwesigaba Sasekhaya Noma Ngokwesigaba Sokugcina

Isigaba esifanele sisebenza ngokulinganisa izinkinga zomkhaya. I- isistimu yasekhaya yonke , ekufakwa kumgqa wamandla wamanzi, ukuthintela konke amanzi okufika—ukunqoba ukuthintela isikili kuzo zonke izikhumba zokusebenza komanzi, ukulondoloza amanzi amahle amakhulu nezinkampani zokususa amanzi, futhi ukuthumela umnandi wamanzi owodwa kuzo zonke izikhumba nezinkampani. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isistrategi yomphakathi iyilungiselela ukuthintela konke amanzi ngokuphelele nesifundo esihlukanisi sokuthintela amanzi—njengokuthintela amanzi ngokubuyela emuva kumkhumbi wamanzi wokudla—ukuthola amanzi amahle kakhulu okudla ngaphandle kokuthintela amanzi kuzo zonke izikhumba zokudla nokususa amanzi. Ngokwesibonelo sase-Water Quality Association, ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kuyadlula ngokwenza isifundo semfanekiso yamanzi ngokuphelele ukuthola ubude bakwezinkampani zokuthintela, ubude bakwezinkampani zokuthintela, nezinhlobo zezinhlobo zokusebenzisa amanzi—ukuvimbela ukuthi isistimu esikhethiwe siyafanana ngokuphelele nesikhundla sakho sesikhundla.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Izinto ziziphi ezibonakalayo zokuthintela amanzi ekhaya?

Izinto eziphakeme zivame ukuba zibe yisikili esiphakeme kuzo zonke izikhumba nezinkampani zokudla, ukunciphisa ukuthintela kwamanzi, ukuthintela kwamanzi, nokuthintela kwamanzi kuzo zonke izikhumba nezinkampani zokudla.

Ukuthintela amanzi kuyaphanda kanjani kusifundo semfanekiso yamanzi?

Umbheshi wamanzi owodwa ngokupheleleyo uyakukhishela i-calcium ne-magnesium ukuze ukungakhishelwe kwezinkqubo, futhi umbheshi wamanzi uyakhishela izinto ezingavumelekile njenge-chlorine, izindlebe zokugcina, ne-VOCs.

Ngikwenzela ngokwami umbheshi wamanzi nokhishelwa kwezinkqubo?

Nakuba izinkqubo eziphansi, ezisemaphandleni, zingavumela ukwenza ngokwami, izinkqubo zasekhaya konke ziyadinga ukwenza ngokupheleleyo ngabantu abaqinisekile ukuze zihlanganiswe ngendlela efanele futhi zisebenze ngendlela efanele.

Kufanele nizilahlela izifiltara noma uzilahlele isikhathi sengxenye?

Kuyaphendula kusuka kusebenzisa kwanamanzi nakukhulu kwakho. Izinkqubo eziqinisekile zibhalisa ukugcina kwezinkqubo futhi zibiza ngokushesha uma kufanele kwenziwe ukusebenzisa.

Iziphumo zezinkqubo eziqinisekile zokuhlinza amanzi ziyini?

Izinkqubo eziqinisekile zihlinza izinkqubo zokusebenzisa, zilahlela isalt nezimanzi ngokupheleleyo, zibhalisa ukusebenzisa kwezinkqubo nezifiltara, futhi zinika izibizo zomobile ukuzinika ngokushesha.